病毒神經性壞死症(Viral nervous necrosis disease；VNND)是造成養殖漁業經濟損失的重要疾病之一，並在幼魚時期造成高死亡率。病原為神經壞死病毒( Nervous necrosis virus；NNV)，屬於Nodaviridae科、betanodavirus屬。

Virial nervous necrosis disease (VNND) is one of important diseases that caused mass economical loss in aquaculture industry, and the highest mortality occurred at larval stage. Nervous necrosis viruses (NNV) are the pathogen of VNN classified as genus betanodavirus in the family Nodaviridae.